Sources and verification

Sources consulted

• Règles du backgammon (new tab) (Fédération française de backgammon): board of points, moves, hitting and entering, bearing off, opening roll, gammon, backgammon and the doubling cube
• Backgammon Basics: How To Play (new tab) (U.S. Backgammon Federation): the rule of using both dice and the higher die, doubles, bearing off with a higher die, the doubling cube
• Backgammon Rules (new tab) (Backgammon Galore): full rules, already cited by the app's specification; the doubling cube, gammon and backgammon

Links checked on October 30, 2026. The federations remain the references for any question of arbitration.

The app's rules

The site describes the rules as the Backgammon app applies them, as read from its code. Where the app departs from the official rules (no opening roll, doubles, cube capped at 64, single games only), the difference is stated on the rules page.

How the examples are verified

Every position and every number on the site is checked by a program before publication:

• 15 checkers per side, bar and borne-off checkers included, one color per point;
• legal moves and ways to play each roll calculated by the app's engine, without modifying it;
• the same moves recalculated by a second program, written from the official rules: the two must agree;
• pip count, score and cube recalculated;
• chances of hitting and entering counted over the 36 possible rolls, by both programs;
• app figures (points, checkers, levels, tutorial steps, languages, cube cap) re-read in its code.

Playing tips that depend on the position are presented as such, separate from the rules. Found a mistake? Write to us via the contact page.